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<title>Seven Archangels</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Seven Archangels</span></span>

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<p>The concept of <b>Seven Archangels</b> is found in some works of early <a href="Jewish_literature" title="Jewish literature">Jewish literature</a> and in <a href="Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ParryMellingBradyGriffith2000_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ParryMellingBradyGriffith2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In those texts, they are referenced as the angels who serve God directly.

</p><p>The <a href="Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> venerates seven archangels: in <a href="Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Christianity</a>, three are invoked by name (<a href="Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a>, <a href="Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a>, and <a href="Raphael_(archangel)" title="Raphael (archangel)">Raphael</a>) while the <a href="Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern Catholic Churches</a> name seven. <a href="Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheranism</a> and <a href="Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglicanism</a>'s traditions generally recognize four known archangels: Michael, Gabriel, Raphael and sometimes Uriel.

Non denominational Protestant churches often venerate only Gabriel and Michael.

</p><p>In the <a href="Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Coptic Orthodox Church">Coptic</a> tradition, the Seven Archangels are Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, <a href="Sariel" title="Sariel">Surael</a>, <a href="Zadkiel" title="Zadkiel">Sedakiel</a>, <a href="Sarathiel" title="Sarathiel">Sarathael</a>, and <a href="Ananiel" title="Ananiel">Ananael</a>. In parts of <a href="Oriental_Orthodox_Churches" title="Oriental Orthodox Churches">Oriental Orthodox Christianity</a> and <a href="Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Christianity</a>, <b>Eight Archangels</b> may be honoured, including Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Uriel, as well as <a href="Selaphiel" title="Selaphiel">Salathiel</a>, <a href="Jegudiel" title="Jegudiel">Jegudiel</a>, <a href="Barachiel" title="Barachiel">Barachiel</a>, and <a href="Jerahmeel_(archangel)" title="Jerahmeel (archangel)">Jeremiel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ParryMellingBradyGriffith2000_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ParryMellingBradyGriffith2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Eight Archangels are commemorated on the <a href="Michaelmas" title="Michaelmas">Feast of the Archangels</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bible">Bible</h2></div>

<p>The term <i><a href="Archangel" title="Archangel">archangel</a></i> itself is not found in the <a href="Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew Bible</a> or the Christian <a href="Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a>, and in the Greek <a href="New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a> the term <i>archangel</i> only occurs in <a href="1_Thessalonians_4" class="mw-redirect" title="1 Thessalonians 4">1 Thessalonians 4</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Thessalonians+4:16&version=nkjv">1 Thessalonians 4:16</a>) and the <a href="Epistle_of_Jude" title="Epistle of Jude">Epistle of Jude</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jude+1:9&version=nkjv">Jude 1:9</a>), where it is used of <a href="Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a>, who in <a href="Daniel_10" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel 10">Daniel 10</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Daniel+10:12&version=nkjv">Daniel 10:12</a>) is called 'one of the chief princes,' and 'the <a href="Great_prince" class="mw-redirect" title="Great prince">great prince</a>'. In the <a href="Septuagint" title="Septuagint">Septuagint</a>, this is rendered "the great angel."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The idea of seven archangels is most explicitly stated in the <a href="Deuterocanonical" class="mw-redirect" title="Deuterocanonical">deuterocanonical</a>/<a href="Biblical_apocrypha" title="Biblical apocrypha">apocryphal</a> <a href="Book_of_Tobit" title="Book of Tobit">Book of Tobit</a> when <a href="Raphael_(archangel)" title="Raphael (archangel)">Raphael</a> reveals himself, declaring: "I am Raphael, one of the seven angels who stand in the glorious presence of the Lord, ready to serve him." (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Tobit+12:15&version=nkjv">Tobit 12,15</a>) The other two angels mentioned by name in the Bibles used by Catholics and Protestants are the archangel <a href="Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a> and the angel <a href="Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a>; <a href="Uriel" title="Uriel">Uriel</a> is named in 2 Esdras (4:1 and 5:20) and <a href="Jerahmeel_(archangel)" title="Jerahmeel (archangel)">Jerahmeel</a> is named in 2 Esdras 4:36, a book that is regarded as canonical by the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, the Georgian and Russian Orthodox Churches,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and falls within the Apocrypha section of the Protestant Bible used by Lutherans and Anglicans. The names of other archangels come from tradition.

</p><p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Zechariah+4:10&version=nkjv">Zechariah 4,10</a> tells about "seven rejoices" that are "the eyes of the Lord, Which scan to and from throughout the whole earth."<sup id="cite_ref-Alvino_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alvino-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Revelation_8" title="Revelation 8">Revelation 8</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+8:2&version=nkjv">Revelation 8:2</a>) mentions seven angels (<a href="Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">ἀγγέλους</span><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) who "stand before God, and to them were given seven trumpets." Similarly, <a href="Revelation_16" title="Revelation 16">Revelation 16</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Revelation%2016:1&version=nrsv">Revelation 16:1</a>) indicates: "and I heard a loud voice from the temple saying to the seven angels (<a href="Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">ἑπτὰ ἀγγέλοις</span><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>): Go and pour out the seven bowls of the wrath of God into the earth." Lastly, <a href="Revelation_4" title="Revelation 4">Revelation 4</a> and <a href="Revelation_5" title="Revelation 5">Revelation 5</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Revelation%204:5&version=nrsv">Revelation 4:5</a>) mention "seven Spirits" (<a href="Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">τα ἑπτά Πνεύματα</span>, transliterated into "ta hepta <a href="Pneuma" title="Pneuma">Pneumata</a>" – whose identity is not well specified – who are the "seven lamps of fire [that] were burning before the <a href="Throne_of_God" title="Throne of God">throne</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Alvino_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alvino-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biblical_apocrypha">Biblical apocrypha</h2></div>

<p>One such tradition of archangels comes from the Old Testament <a href="Biblical_apocrypha" title="Biblical apocrypha">biblical apocrypha</a>, the third century BC <a href="Book_of_Enoch" title="Book of Enoch">Book of the Watchers</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> known as <a href="1_Enoch" class="mw-redirect" title="1 Enoch">1 Enoch</a> or the <i>Book of Enoch,</i> eventually merged into the Enochic Pentateuch.<sup id="cite_ref-Enoch_Man_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Enoch_Man-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This narrative is affiliated with the <i><a href="Book_of_Giants" class="mw-redirect" title="Book of Giants">Book of Giants</a></i>, which also references the great archangels<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was made part of the <a href="Ethiopian_Orthodox_Tewahedo_Church" title="Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church">Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church</a>'s <a href="Orthodox_Tewahedo_biblical_canon" title="Orthodox Tewahedo biblical canon">scriptural canon</a>. Although prevalent in Jewish and early Christian apostolic traditions and the early <a href="Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Church Fathers</a>, the <i>Book of Enoch</i> gradually fell from academic and religious status, and by the seventh century was rejected from the <a href="Biblical_canon" title="Biblical canon">canonical scriptures</a> of all other Christian denominations.

</p><p>The names of the archangels entered Jewish tradition during the <a href="Babylonian_captivity" title="Babylonian captivity">Babylonian captivity</a> (605 BC). <a href="Neo-Babylonian_Empire" title="Neo-Babylonian Empire">Babylonian</a> folklore and cosmology,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="Ancient_Mesopotamian_religion" title="Ancient Mesopotamian religion">early Mesopotamian beliefs</a> under the dualistic influence of <a href="Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrianism</a>, centered around <a href="Anthropomorphic" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthropomorphic">anthropomorphic</a> and <a href="Zoomorphic" class="mw-redirect" title="Zoomorphic">zoomorphic</a> representations of <a href="Anunnaki" title="Anunnaki">stars, planets</a>, and <a href="Babylonian_star_catalogues" title="Babylonian star catalogues">constellations</a>, including the four sons of the <a href="Anu" title="Anu">Sky Father</a> carrying the <a href="Winged_Sun" class="mw-redirect" title="Winged Sun">Winged Sun</a>, the throne of <a href="Ahura_Mazda" title="Ahura Mazda">Wisdom</a>. First the prophet <a href="Daniel_(biblical_figure)" title="Daniel (biblical figure)">Daniel</a>, then authors such as Ezekiel hebraized this mythology, equating the Babylonian constellations with <a href="Living_creatures_(Bible)" title="Living creatures (Bible)">abstract forms</a> held to be "sons of the gods", angels of the Lord of Israel, and heavenly animal <a href="Cherubim" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherubim">cherubim</a>. The 2 BC <a href="1_Enoch" class="mw-redirect" title="1 Enoch">Book of Parables</a> (Ch XL) names the four angels accompanying the <a href="Ancient_of_Days" title="Ancient of Days">Ancient of Days</a>, standing before the Lord of Spirits, "the voices of those upon the four sides magnifying the Lord of Glory": Michael, Raphael, Gabriel, and <a href="Phanuel_(angel)" title="Phanuel (angel)">Phanuel</a>.

</p><p>The Book of the Watchers (Ch IX) lists the angels who in <a href="Antediluvian" title="Antediluvian">antediluvian</a> times interceded on behalf of mankind against the rogue spirits termed "the <a href="Watcher_(angel)" title="Watcher (angel)">Watchers</a>": Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, and <a href="Uriel" title="Uriel">Uriel</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Christian_traditions">Christian traditions</h2></div>

<p>The earliest specific Christian references are in the late 5th to early 6th century: <a href="Pseudo-Dionysius" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudo-Dionysius">Pseudo-Dionysius</a> gives them as Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Uriel, <a href="Camael" title="Camael">Camael</a>, <a href="Jophiel" title="Jophiel">Jophiel</a>, and <a href="Zadkiel" title="Zadkiel">Zadkiel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="Western_Christianity" title="Western Christianity">Western Christian</a> traditions, <a href="Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a>, <a href="Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a> and <a href="Raphael_(archangel)" title="Raphael (archangel)">Raphael</a> are referred to as archangels.<sup id="cite_ref-Blersch2019_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blersch2019-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Through its Byzantine tradition, however, the Catholic Church recognizes seven archangels altogether, sometimes named, sometimes unnamed other than the three mentioned above.

</p><p>Lists of archangels also exist in smaller religious traditions usually regarded within mainstream Christianity as <a href="Occult" title="Occult">occultist</a> or <a href="Superstition" title="Superstition">superstitious</a>. A reference to seven archangels appeared in an 8th- or 9th-century <a href="Talisman" title="Talisman">talisman</a> attributed to Auriolus, a "servant of God" in north-western Spain. He issues a prayer to "all you patriarchs Michael, Gabriel, Cecitiel, Uriel, Raphael, <a href="Haniel" title="Haniel">Ananiel</a>, Marmoniel.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Archangels_in_current_church_traditions">Archangels in current church traditions</h3></div>

<p>In the <a href="Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a>, three archangels are mentioned by name in <a href="Catholic_Bible" title="Catholic Bible">its Biblical canon</a>: Michael, Gabriel, and Raphael. Raphael appears in the <a href="Deuterocanonical_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Deuterocanonical Books">deuterocanonical</a> <a href="Book_of_Tobit" title="Book of Tobit">Book of Tobit</a>, where he is described as "one of the seven angels who stand ready and enter before the glory of the lord of spirits",<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a phrase recalled in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.esv.org/Revelation+8:2">Revelation 8:2–6</a>. Three Popes rejected to authorize veneration <i>of the purported names</i> of the Seven Archangels within the Roman Catholic Church: <a href="Pope_Leo_XII" title="Pope Leo XII">Pope Leo XII</a> (1826–1828),<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Pope_Pius_VIII" title="Pope Pius VIII">Pope Pius VIII</a> (1830) and <a href="Pope_Gregory_XVI" title="Pope Gregory XVI">Pope Gregory XVI</a> (1831–1832).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Directory on popular piety</i> and the Liturgy (2001) at n. 217 states that "the practice of assigning names to the Holy Angels should be discouraged, except in the case of Gabriel, Raphael and Michael whose names are contained in Holy Scripture."<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Some <a href="Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Churches</a>, exemplified in the Orthodox Slavonic Bible (<a href="Ostrog_Bible" title="Ostrog Bible">Ostrog Bible</a>, <a href="Elizabeth_Bible" title="Elizabeth Bible">Elizabeth Bible</a>, and later consequently <a href="Russian_Synodal_Bible" title="Russian Synodal Bible">Russian Synodal Bible</a>), recognize as authoritative also <a href="2_Esdras" title="2 Esdras">2 Esdras</a>, which mentions Uriel and <a href="Jerahmeel_(archangel)" title="Jerahmeel (archangel)">Jerahmeel</a>.

</p><p>The Eastern Orthodox Church and Eastern Catholic Churches of the Byzantine tradition venerate seven to eight archangels.<sup id="cite_ref-ParryMellingBradyGriffith2000_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ParryMellingBradyGriffith2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Uriel, Selaphiel (Salathiel), Jegudiel (Jehudiel), Barachiel, and the eighth, Jerahmeel (Jeremiel) (The Synaxis of the Chief of the Heavenly Hosts, Archangel Michael and the Other Heavenly Bodiless Powers: Feast Day: November 8).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>As well as Michael, Gabriel, Raphael and Uriel, the <a href="Book_of_Enoch" title="Book of Enoch">Book of Enoch</a>, regarded as canonical by the <a href="Ethiopian_Orthodox_Tewahedo_Church" title="Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church">Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church</a>, mentions (in chapter 20) Raguel, Saraqâêl, and <a href="Jerahmeel" title="Jerahmeel">Remiel</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, apocryphal sources give instead the names Izidkiel, Hanael, and Kepharel.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within the <a href="Oriental_Orthodox_Churches" title="Oriental Orthodox Churches">Oriental Orthodox Christian</a> denominations, the <a href="Ethiopian_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethiopian Orthodox">Ethiopian Orthodox</a> tradition names seven Archangels as <a href="Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a>, <a href="Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a>, <a href="Raphael_(archangel)" title="Raphael (archangel)">Raphael</a>, <a href="Uriel" title="Uriel">Uriel</a>, <a href="Raguel_(angel)" title="Raguel (angel)">Raguel</a>, <a href="Phanuel_(angel)" title="Phanuel (angel)">Phanuel</a>, and Remiel;<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the <a href="Coptic_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic Orthodox">Coptic Orthodox</a> tradition the seven to eight archangels are named as Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, <a href="Suriel" class="mw-redirect" title="Suriel">Suriel</a>, <a href="Zadkiel" title="Zadkiel">Zadkiel</a>, <a href="Sarathiel" title="Sarathiel">Sarathiel</a>, and <a href="Ananiel" title="Ananiel">Ananiel</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as often <a href="Sachiel" title="Sachiel">Sakakael</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ParryMellingBradyGriffith2000_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ParryMellingBradyGriffith2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In the <a href="Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a> and <a href="Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglican</a> traditions there are three archangels celebrated in September 29, the feast of St Michael and All Angels (also called <a href="Michaelmas" title="Michaelmas">Michaelmas</a>), namely Michael, Gabriel, and Raphael.<sup id="cite_ref-Blersch2019_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blersch2019-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Uriel is not officially recognized or named in Anglican doctrine, though some still include him; one Episcopal church, <a href="St._Uriel's_Episcopal_Church" title="St. Uriel's Episcopal Church">St. Uriel’s Episcopal Church</a>, bears his name.<sup id="cite_ref-TLC2023_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TLC2023-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_traditions">Other traditions</h2></div>

<p>Other names derived from <a href="Pseudepigrapha" title="Pseudepigrapha">pseudepigrapha</a> are <a href="Selaphiel" title="Selaphiel">Selaphiel</a>, <a href="Jegudiel" title="Jegudiel">Jegudiel</a>, and <a href="Raguel_(angel)" title="Raguel (angel)">Raguel</a>.

</p><p>In <a href="Ismailism" title="Ismailism">Ismailism</a>, there are seven cherubim, comparable to the Seven Archangels ordered to bow down before <a href="Qadar" class="mw-redirect" title="Qadar">Qadar</a>, of whom <a href="Iblis" title="Iblis">Iblis</a> refuses.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In <a href="Yazidism" title="Yazidism">Yazidism</a>, there are seven archangels, named <a href="Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Jabra'il</a>, <a href="Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Mika'il</a>, <a href="Raphael_(archangel)" title="Raphael (archangel)">Rafa'il</a> (<a href="Israfil" title="Israfil">Israfil</a>), Dadra'il, <a href="Azrail" class="mw-redirect" title="Azrail">Azrail</a>, Shamkil (Shemna'il), and <a href="Azazil#In_Yazidism" title="Azazil">Azazil</a>, who are emanations from God entrusted with care of the creation.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Various occult systems associate each archangel with one of the traditional "seven luminaries" (<a href="Classical_planets" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical planets">classical planets</a> visible to the naked eye): the <a href="Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a>, the <a href="Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a>, <a href="Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a>, <a href="Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a>, <a href="Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a>, <a href="Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a>, and <a href="Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Different traditions associate different archangels to each planet.

</p><p>According to <a href="Rudolf_Steiner" title="Rudolf Steiner">Rudolf Steiner</a>, four archangels govern the seasons: <a href="Spring_(season)" title="Spring (season)">spring</a> is Raphael, <a href="Summer" title="Summer">summer</a> is Uriel, <a href="Autumn" title="Autumn">autumn</a> is Michael, and <a href="Winter" title="Winter">winter</a> is Gabriel.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>According to occultist <a href="Helena_Petrovna_Blavatsky" class="mw-redirect" title="Helena Petrovna Blavatsky">Helena Petrovna Blavatsky</a>, the Seven Archangels were a form of <a href="Syncretism" title="Syncretism">syncretism</a> between different religions: they were the <a href="Chaldea" title="Chaldea">Chaldeans</a> great gods, the Seven <a href="Sabians" title="Sabians">Sabian</a> Gods, the seven Hinduist <a href="Manu_(Hinduism)" title="Manu (Hinduism)">Manus</a> and <a href="Saptarishi" class="mw-redirect" title="Saptarishi">Seven Rashi</a>, as well as the Seven Seats (Thrones) and Virtues of the <a href="Kabbalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabbalism">Kabbalists</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In the early <a href="Gnostic_text" class="mw-redirect" title="Gnostic text">Gnostic text</a> <i><a href="On_the_Origin_of_the_World" title="On the Origin of the World">On the Origin of the World</a></i>, the <a href="Aeon_(Gnosticism)" title="Aeon (Gnosticism)">aeon</a> named <a href="Sophia_(Gnosticism)" title="Sophia (Gnosticism)">Sophia</a> sends seven archangels to rescue the <a href="Archon_(Gnosticism)" title="Archon (Gnosticism)">Archon</a> Sabaoth and bring him to the eighth heaven.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_angels_in_theology" title="List of angels in theology">List of angels in theology</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFParryMellingBradyGriffith2000" class="citation book cs1">Parry, Ken; Melling, David J.; Brady, Dimitri; Griffith, Sidney H.; Healey, John F. (8 November 2000). <i>The Blackwell Dictionary of Eastern Christianity</i>. John Wiley & Sons. p. 30. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-631-18966-4</bdi>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><i>Macedonian Review</i>. Vol. <span class="nowrap">24–</span>25. Kulturen Zhivot. 1994. p. 194. <q>It is worth mentioning that St Michael's Day (21/8 November) is the feast of the seven/eight Archangels and the hosts of Holy Angels, who, as have been mentioned, are numberless</q></cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Margaret_Barker" title="Margaret Barker">Barker, Margaret</a> (2004). <i>An Extraordinary Gathering of Angels.</i> Publications Limited.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-Alvino-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Alvino_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Alvino_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFAlvino" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Alvino, Carmine. "I Sette Angeli nel Panorama Cattolico (the Seven Angels in the Catholic Context)". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/45082895"><i>I Sette Arcangeli nel Cattolicesimo</i></a> [<i>The Seven Archangels in the Catholicism</i>] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Italian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20220929140427/https://www.academia.edu/45082895/I_SETTE_ARCANGELI_NEL_CATTOLICESIMO_BELLISSIMO_OPUSCOLO">Archived</a> from the original on September 29, 2022 – via <a href="Academia.edu" title="Academia.edu">Academia.edu</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biblehub.com/interlinear/revelation/8.htm">"Revelation 8 NKJV (Greek–English Interlinear Bible)"</a>. <i>Biblehub</i>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Enoch_Man-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Enoch_Man_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFVanderKam2008" class="citation book cs1">VanderKam, James C. (2008) [1995]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uscpress.com/Enoch"><i>Enoch: A Man for All Generations</i></a>. Columbia, South Carolina: <a href="University_of_South_Carolina_Press" title="University of South Carolina Press">University of South Carolina Press</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1570037962</bdi>.</cite> See also the author's <i>Enoch and the Growth of an Apocalyptic Tradition</i> (1984), published by the <a href="Catholic_Biblical_Association_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Biblical Association of America">Catholic Biblical Association of America</a>: Washington, DC</span>

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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barker, Margaret. (2005) [1987]. "Chapter 1: The Book of Enoch," in <i>The Older Testament: The Survival of Themes from the Ancient Royal Cult in Sectarian Judaism and Early Christianity</i>. London, England: SPCK; Sheffield Phoenix Press.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Margaret_Barker" title="Margaret Barker">Barker, Margaret</a>. (2005) [1998]. <i>The Lost Prophet: The Book of Enoch and Its Influence on Christianity</i>. London, England: SPCK; Sheffield Phoenix Press. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>1-905048-18-1</bdi>.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFEncyclopedia" class="citation web cs1">Encyclopedia, Jewish. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/1521-angelology#anchor16">"ANGELOLOGY – Angelology systematized"</a>. <i>Jewish Encyclopedia</i>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>A Dictionary of Angels, Including the Fallen Angels</i> by Gustav Davidson, 1980, Free Press Publishing.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-Blersch2019-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Blersch2019_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Blersch2019_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBlersch2019" class="citation web cs1">Blersch, Jeffrey (21 September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pacifichillslutheran.org/news/st-michael-and-all-angels.html">"St. Michael and All Angels"</a>. Pacific Hills Lutheran Church<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-15</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Julia M. H. Smith, Europe After Rome: A New Cultural History 500–1000. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 2005. p. 77.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Tobit%2012:15&version=nrsvae">Tobit 12:15</a>.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stgeorgeslennoxville.com/WhatareAnglicansAnyway.dsp">St. George's Lennoxville website, What Are Anglicans, Anyway? page</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090712151424/http://www.stgeorgeslennoxville.com/WhatareAnglicansAnyway.dsp">Archived</a> 2009-07-12 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved September 15, 2008.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ian Richard Netton, <i>Allah Transcendent: Studies in the Structure and Semiotics of Islamic Philosophy, Theology and Cosmology</i> Psychology Press, 1994 <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780700702879</bdi>, p. 205.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Adam Valen Levinson, <i>The Abu Dhabi Bar Mitzvah: Fear and Love in the Modern Middle East,</i> W. W. Norton & Company, 2017, <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-393-60837-3</bdi>.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pike, Albert. <i>Morals and Dogma (of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry),</i> (1871, 1948, L. H. Jenkins).</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGuiley2004" class="citation book cs1">Guiley, Rosemary (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=15XABtvHcEsC&dq=raphael+michael+gabriel+uriel+spring+summer+winter&pg=PA45"><i>The Encyclopedia of Angels</i></a>. Infobase Publishing. p. 45. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-4381-3002-6</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHelena_Petrovna_Blavatsky2021" class="citation book cs1"><a href="Helena_Petrovna_Blavatsky" class="mw-redirect" title="Helena Petrovna Blavatsky">Helena Petrovna Blavatsky</a> (May 10, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hGkiEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA9"><i>Worship of Planetary Spirits is idolatrous Astrolatry: Divine Astrology is for Initiates; superstitious Astrolatry for the masses</i></a>. Philaletheians UK. p. 9.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMarvin_MeyerWillis_Barnstone2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="Marvin_Meyer" title="Marvin Meyer">Marvin Meyer</a>; <a href="Willis_Barnstone" title="Willis Barnstone">Willis Barnstone</a> (2009). "On the Origin of the World". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gnosis.org/naghamm/origin-Barnstone.html"><i>The Gnostic Bible</i></a>. <a href="Shambhala_Publications" title="Shambhala Publications">Shambhala</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-06</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

<ul><li><a href="Margaret_Barker" title="Margaret Barker">Barker, Margaret</a> (2004). <i>An Extraordinary Gathering of Angels</i>. M Q Publications. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9781840726800</bdi></li>

<li>Barker, Margaret (1992). <i>The Great Angel: A Study of Israel's Second God</i>. London: SPCK; Louisville, Kentucky: <a href="Westminster_John_Knox" class="mw-redirect" title="Westminster John Knox">Westminster/John Knox Press</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0664253950</bdi></li>

<li>Barker, Margaret (2005) [1998]. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sheffieldphoenix.com/product/the-lost-prophet-the-book-of-enoch-and-its-influence-on-christianity">The Lost Prophet: The Book of Enoch and Its Influence on Christianity</a></i>. London, England: <a href="SPCK" class="mw-redirect" title="SPCK">SPCK</a>; <a href="Sheffield_Phoenix_Press" title="Sheffield Phoenix Press">Sheffield Phoenix Press</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>1-905048-18-1</bdi></li>

<li><a href="Hugh_Nibley" title="Hugh Nibley">Nibley, Hugh</a> (1986). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publications.mi.byu.edu/book/enoch-the-prophet">Enoch the Prophet</a></i>. Salt Lake City, Utah: Deseret Book. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0875790473</bdi></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Saints_in_the_Coptic_Church758" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="List_of_Coptic_saints" title="List of Coptic saints">Saints in the Coptic Church</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="Patriarchs_(Bible)" title="Patriarchs (Bible)">Patriarchs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</a></li>

<li><a href="Isaac" title="Isaac">Isaac</a></li>

<li><a href="Jacob" title="Jacob">Jacob</a></li>

<li><a href="Joseph_(Genesis)" title="Joseph (Genesis)">Joseph</a></li></ul>

</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="15" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="Prophets_of_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Prophets of Christianity">Prophets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a></li>

<li><a href="Samuel" title="Samuel">Samuel</a></li>

<li><a href="David" title="David">David</a></li>

<li><a href="Hosea" title="Hosea">Hosea</a></li>

<li><a href="Micah_(prophet)" title="Micah (prophet)">Micah</a></li>

<li><a href="Obadiah" title="Obadiah">Obadiah</a></li>

<li><a href="Jonah" title="Jonah">Jonah</a></li>

<li><a href="Nahum" title="Nahum">Nahum</a></li>

<li><a href="Habakkuk" title="Habakkuk">Habakkuk</a></li>

<li><a href="Zephaniah" title="Zephaniah">Zephaniah</a></li>

<li><a href="Haggai" title="Haggai">Haggai</a></li>

<li><a href="Zechariah_(Hebrew_prophet)" title="Zechariah (Hebrew prophet)">Zechariah</a></li>

<li><a href="Malachi" title="Malachi">Malachi</a></li>

<li><a href="Isaiah" title="Isaiah">Isaiah</a></li>

<li><a href="Jeremiah" title="Jeremiah">Jeremiah</a></li>

<li><a href="Baruch_ben_Neriah" title="Baruch ben Neriah">Baruch</a></li>

<li><a href="Ezekiel" title="Ezekiel">Ezekiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Daniel_(biblical_figure)" title="Daniel (biblical figure)">Daniel</a></li>

<li><a href="John_the_Baptist" title="John the Baptist">John the Baptist</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Theotokos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Our_Lady_of_Assiut" title="Our Lady of Assiut">Assiut</a></li>

<li><a href="Our_Lady_of_Warraq" title="Our Lady of Warraq">Warraq</a></li>

<li><a href="Our_Lady_of_Zeitoun" title="Our Lady of Zeitoun">Zeitoun</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a></li>

<li><a href="Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a></li>

<li><a href="Raphael_(archangel)" title="Raphael (archangel)">Raphael</a></li>

<li><a href="Sariel" title="Sariel">Suriel</a></li>

<li><a href="Zadkiel" title="Zadkiel">Zedekiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Sarathiel" title="Sarathiel">Sarathiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Ananiel" title="Ananiel">Ananiel</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">Apostles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Andrew_the_Apostle" title="Andrew the Apostle">Andrew</a></li>

<li><a href="Bartholomew_the_Apostle" title="Bartholomew the Apostle">Bartholomew</a></li>

<li><a href="James%2C_son_of_Alphaeus" title="James, son of Alphaeus">James, son of Alphaeus</a></li>

<li><a href="James_the_Great" title="James the Great">James, son of Zebedee</a></li>

<li><a href="Matthew_the_Apostle" title="Matthew the Apostle">Matthew</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Matthias" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Matthias">Matthias</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Peter</a></li>

<li><a href="Philip_the_Apostle" title="Philip the Apostle">Philip</a></li>

<li><a href="Simon_the_Zealot" title="Simon the Zealot">Simon</a></li>

<li><a href="Thomas_the_Apostle" title="Thomas the Apostle">Thomas</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="Disciple_(Christianity)" title="Disciple (Christianity)">Disciples</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Apollos" title="Apollos">Apollos</a></li>

<li><a href="Barnabas" title="Barnabas">Barnabas</a></li>

<li><a href="Mary_Magdalene" title="Mary Magdalene">Mary Magdalene</a></li>

<li><a href="Phoebe_(biblical_figure)" title="Phoebe (biblical figure)">Phoebe the Deaconess</a></li>

<li><a href="Philemon_(biblical_figure)" title="Philemon (biblical figure)">Philemon</a></li>

<li><a href="Priscilla_and_Aquila" title="Priscilla and Aquila">Priscilla and Aquila</a></li>

<li><a href="Silas" title="Silas">Silvanus</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Stephen" title="Saint Stephen">Stephen</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Timothy" title="Saint Timothy">Timothy</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Titus" title="Saint Titus">Titus</a></li>

<li><a href="Seventy_disciples" title="Seventy disciples">Seventy disciples</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="Four_Evangelists" title="Four Evangelists">Evangelists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Matthew_the_Apostle" title="Matthew the Apostle">Matthew</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="Christian_martyrs" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian martyrs">Martyrs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="2015_kidnapping_and_beheading_of_Copts_in_Libya" class="mw-redirect" title="2015 kidnapping and beheading of Copts in Libya">21 Martyrs of Libya</a></li>

<li><a href="Ab%C4%81m%C5%ABn_of_Tarn%C5%ABt" title="Abāmūn of Tarnūt">Abāmūn</a></li>

<li><a href="Ab%C4%81m%C5%ABn_of_Tukh" title="Abāmūn of Tukh">Abāmūn</a></li>

<li><a href="Abanoub" title="Abanoub">Abanoub</a></li>

<li><a href="Abaskhiron_the_Soldier" title="Abaskhiron the Soldier">Abaskhiron</a></li>

<li><a href="2011_Alexandria_bombing" title="2011 Alexandria bombing">Alexandrian Martyrs</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Arianus" title="Saint Arianus">Arianus</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Apollonia" title="Saint Apollonia">Apollonia</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Barbara" title="Saint Barbara">Barbara</a></li>

<li><a href="Bashnouna" title="Bashnouna">Bashnouna</a></li>

<li><a href="Basilides_and_Potamiana" title="Basilides and Potamiana">Basilides and Potamiana</a></li>

<li><a href="Catherine_of_Alexandria" title="Catherine of Alexandria">Catherine</a></li>

<li><a href="Chrysanthus_and_Daria" title="Chrysanthus and Daria">Chrysanthus and Daria</a></li>

<li><a href="Chiaffredo" title="Chiaffredo">Chiaffredo</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Colluthus" title="Saint Colluthus">Colluthus</a></li>

<li><a href="Cosmas_and_Damian" title="Cosmas and Damian">Cosmas and Damian</a></li>

<li><a href="Cyprian_and_Justina" title="Cyprian and Justina">Cyprian and Justina</a></li>

<li><a href="Cyrus_and_John" title="Cyrus and John">Cyrus and John</a></li>

<li><a href="Dasya" title="Dasya">Dasya</a></li>

<li><a href="Demiana" title="Demiana">Demiana</a></li>

<li><a href="Penitent_thief" title="Penitent thief">Dismas the Good Thief</a></li>

<li><a href="Dorothea_of_Alexandria" title="Dorothea of Alexandria">Dorothea</a></li>

<li><a href="Elias_and_Companions" title="Elias and Companions">Elias and Companions</a></li>

<li><a href="Epimachus_of_Pelusium" title="Epimachus of Pelusium">Epimachus</a></li>

<li><a href="Faustus%2C_Abibus_and_Dionysius_of_Alexandria" title="Faustus, Abibus and Dionysius of Alexandria">Faustus, Abibus and Dionysius</a></li>

<li><a href="Felix_and_Regula" title="Felix and Regula">Felix and Regula</a></li>

<li><a href="Gabriel_Abdel_El-Metgaly" title="Gabriel Abdel El-Metgaly">Gabriel Abdel El-Metgaly</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Gallicanus" title="Saint Gallicanus">Gallicanus</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_George" title="Saint George">George</a></li>

<li><a href="Anba_George" title="Anba George">George Bishop of Assiut</a></li>

<li><a href="George_El_Mozahem" title="George El Mozahem">George El Mozahem</a></li>

<li><a href="Gereon" title="Gereon">Gereon</a></li>

<li><a href="Hor%2C_Besoy%2C_and_Daydara" title="Hor, Besoy, and Daydara">Hor, Besoy, and Daydara</a></li>

<li><a href="Massacre_of_the_Innocents" title="Massacre of the Innocents">Holy Innocents</a></li>

<li><a href="2011_Imbaba_church_attacks" title="2011 Imbaba church attacks">Imbaba Martyrs</a></li>

<li><a href="Isaac_of_Dafra" title="Isaac of Dafra">Isaac of Dafra</a></li>

<li><a href="John_of_Senhout" title="John of Senhout">John of Senhout</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosheh_massacres" title="Kosheh massacres">Kosheh Martyrs</a></li>

<li><a href="Master_Malati" title="Master Malati">Malati</a></li>

<li><a href="Margaret_the_Virgin" title="Margaret the Virgin">Marina the Martyr</a></li>

<li><a href="Maspero_demonstrations" title="Maspero demonstrations">Maspero Martyrs</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Maurice" title="Saint Maurice">Maurice</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Memnon" title="Saint Memnon">Memnon</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Menas" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Menas">Menas</a></li>

<li><a href="Mohrael" title="Mohrael">Mohrael</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Moura" title="Saint Moura">Moura</a></li>

<li><a href="Nag_Hammadi_massacre" title="Nag Hammadi massacre">Nag Hammadi</a></li>

<li><a href="Otimus" title="Otimus">Otimus</a></li>

<li><a href="Philomena" title="Philomena">Philomena</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Philotheos" title="Saint Philotheos">Philotheos</a></li>

<li><a href="Sarah_the_Martyr" title="Sarah the Martyr">Sarah</a></li>

<li><a href="Sidhom_Bishay" title="Sidhom Bishay">Sidhom Bishay</a></li>

<li><a href="Theban_Legion" title="Theban Legion">Theban Legion</a></li>

<li><a href="Thecla" title="Thecla">Thecla</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Theoclia" title="Saint Theoclia">Theoclia</a></li>

<li><a href="Theodora_and_Didymus" title="Theodora and Didymus">Theodora and Didymus</a></li>

<li><a href="Theodore_Stratelates" title="Theodore Stratelates">Theodore Stratelates</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Varus" title="Saint Varus">Varus</a></li>

<li><a href="Febronia_of_Syria" title="Febronia of Syria">Veronica</a></li>

<li><a href="Wadamoun" title="Wadamoun">Wadamoun</a></li>

<li><a href="Wanas" title="Wanas">Wanas</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Church Fathers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Clement_of_Rome" title="Clement of Rome">Clement of Rome</a></li>

<li><a href="Ignatius_of_Antioch" title="Ignatius of Antioch">Ignatius of Antioch</a></li>

<li><a href="Polycarp" title="Polycarp">Polycarp</a></li>

<li><a href="Papias_of_Hierapolis" title="Papias of Hierapolis">Papias of Hierapolis</a></li>

<li><a href="Justin_Martyr" title="Justin Martyr">Justin Martyr</a></li>

<li><a href="Irenaeus" title="Irenaeus">Irenaeus</a></li>

<li><a href="Clement_of_Alexandria" title="Clement of Alexandria">Clement of Alexandria</a></li>

<li><a href="Athanasius_of_Alexandria" title="Athanasius of Alexandria">Athanasius of Alexandria</a></li>

<li><a href="Basil_of_Caesarea" title="Basil of Caesarea">Basil of Caesarea</a></li>

<li><a href="Gregory_of_Nyssa" title="Gregory of Nyssa">Gregory of Nyssa</a></li>

<li><a href="Gregory_of_Nazianzus" title="Gregory of Nazianzus">Gregory of Nazianzus</a></li>

<li><a href="John_Chrysostom" title="John Chrysostom">John Chrysostom</a></li>

<li><a href="Cyprian" title="Cyprian">Cyprian</a></li>

<li><a href="Hilary_of_Poitiers" title="Hilary of Poitiers">Hilary of Poitiers</a></li>

<li><a href="Ambrose" title="Ambrose">Ambrose</a></li>

<li><a href="Jerome" title="Jerome">Jerome</a></li>

<li><a href="Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine of Hippo</a></li>

<li><a href="Aphrahat" title="Aphrahat">Aphrahat</a></li>

<li><a href="Ephrem_the_Syrian" title="Ephrem the Syrian">Ephrem the Syrian</a></li>

<li><a href="Isaac_of_Antioch" title="Isaac of Antioch">Isaac of Antioch</a></li>

<li><a href="Paul_of_Thebes" title="Paul of Thebes">Paul of Thebes</a></li>

<li><a href="Anthony_the_Great" title="Anthony the Great">Anthony the Great</a></li>

<li><a href="Pachomius_the_Great" title="Pachomius the Great">Pachomius the Great</a></li>

<li><a href="Arsenius_the_Great" title="Arsenius the Great">Arsenius the Great</a></li>

<li><a href="Poemen" title="Poemen">Poemen</a></li>

<li><a href="Macarius_of_Egypt" title="Macarius of Egypt">Macarius of Egypt</a></li>

<li><a href="Syncletica_of_Alexandria" title="Syncletica of Alexandria">Syncletica of Alexandria</a></li>

<li><a href="John_Cassian" title="John Cassian">John Cassian</a></li>

<li><a href="Alexander_of_Jerusalem" title="Alexander of Jerusalem">Alexander of Jerusalem</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Porphyrius" title="Saint Porphyrius">Porphyrius of Gaza</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Alexander_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Alexander I of Alexandria">Alexander I of Alexandria</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Dionysius_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Dionysius of Alexandria">Dionysius of Alexandria</a></li>

<li><a href="Epiphanius_of_Salamis" title="Epiphanius of Salamis">Epiphanius of Salamis</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Nicholas" title="Saint Nicholas">Nichola of Myra</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="Pope_of_the_Coptic_Orthodox_Church_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria">Popes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Pope_Anianus_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Anianus of Alexandria">Anianus</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Avilius_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Avilius of Alexandria">Avilius</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Kedron_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Kedron of Alexandria">Kedron</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Justus_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Justus of Alexandria">Justus</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Eumenes_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Eumenes of Alexandria">Eumenes</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Markianos_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Markianos of Alexandria">Markianos</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Celadion_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Celadion of Alexandria">Celadion</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Agrippinus_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Agrippinus of Alexandria">Agrippinus</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Julian_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Julian of Alexandria">Julian</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Demetrius_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Demetrius I of Alexandria">Demetrius I</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Heraclas_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Heraclas of Alexandria">Heraclas</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Dionysius_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Dionysius of Alexandria">Dionysius</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Theonas_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Theonas of Alexandria">Theonas</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Felix_I" title="Pope Felix I">Felix of Rome</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Peter_I_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope Peter I of Alexandria">Peter I</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Alexander_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Alexander I of Alexandria">Alexander I</a></li>

<li><a href="Athanasius_of_Alexandria" title="Athanasius of Alexandria">Athanasius I</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Peter_II_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope Peter II of Alexandria">Peter II</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Timothy_I_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope Timothy I of Alexandria">Timothy I</a></li>

<li><a href="Theophilus_I_of_Alexandria" title="Theophilus I of Alexandria">Theophilus I</a></li>

<li><a href="Cyril_of_Alexandria" title="Cyril of Alexandria">Cyril I</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Dioscorus_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Dioscorus I of Alexandria">Dioscorus I</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Timothy_II_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope Timothy II of Alexandria">Timothy II</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Peter_III_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope Peter III of Alexandria">Peter III</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Dioscorus_II_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Dioscorus II of Alexandria">Dioscorus II</a></li>

<li><a href="Timothy_IV_of_Alexandria" title="Timothy IV of Alexandria">Timothy III</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Theodosius_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Theodosius I of Alexandria">Theodosius I</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Peter_IV_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Peter IV of Alexandria">Peter IV</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Damian_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope Damian of Alexandria">Damian</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Anastasius_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Anastasius of Alexandria">Anastasius</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Andronicus_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Andronicus of Alexandria">Andronicus</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Benjamin_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Benjamin I of Alexandria">Benjamin I</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Agatho_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Agatho of Alexandria">Agathon</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Simeon_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Simeon I of Alexandria">Simeon I</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Alexander_II_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Alexander II of Alexandria">Alexander II</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Theodoros_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Theodoros I of Alexandria">Theodore I</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Michael_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Michael I of Alexandria">Michael I</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Jacob_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Jacob of Alexandria">James</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Simeon_II_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Simeon II of Alexandria">Simeon II</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Joseph_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Joseph I of Alexandria">Joseph I</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Michael_II_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Michael II of Alexandria">Michael II</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Cosmas_II_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Cosmas II of Alexandria">Cosmas II</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Michael_III_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Michael III of Alexandria">Michael III</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Gabriel_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Gabriel I of Alexandria">Gabriel I</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Cosmas_III_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Cosmas III of Alexandria">Cosmas III</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Abraham_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Abraham of Alexandria">Abraham</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Zacharias_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Zacharias of Alexandria">Zacharias</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Cyril_II_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Cyril II of Alexandria">Cyril II</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Macarius_II_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Macarius II of Alexandria">Macarius II</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Matthew_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Matthew I of Alexandria">Matthew I</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Gabriel_VII_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Gabriel VII of Alexandria">Gabriel VII</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Cyril_V_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Cyril V of Alexandria">Cyril V</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Macarius_III_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Macarius III of Alexandria">Macarius III</a></li>

<li><a href="Pope_Cyril_VI_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria">Cyril VI</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="Patriarch" title="Patriarch">Patriarchs</a> and <a href="Bishop" title="Bishop">Bishops</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Abadiu_of_Antinoe" title="Abadiu of Antinoe">Abadiu of Antinoe</a></li>

<li><a href="Abraam%2C_Bishop_of_Faiyum" title="Abraam, Bishop of Faiyum">Abraam of Faiyum</a></li>

<li><a href="Alexander_of_Jerusalem" title="Alexander of Jerusalem">Alexander of Jerusalem</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Amun" title="Saint Amun">Amun of Scetis</a></li>

<li><a href="Basil_of_Caesarea" title="Basil of Caesarea">Basil of Caesarea</a></li>

<li><a href="Bar_Hebraeus" title="Bar Hebraeus">Bar Hebraeus</a></li>

<li><a href="Cyril_of_Jerusalem" title="Cyril of Jerusalem">Cyril of Jerusalem</a></li>

<li><a href="Epiphanius_of_Salamis" title="Epiphanius of Salamis">Epiphanius of Cyprus</a></li>

<li><a href="Eusebius" title="Eusebius">Eusebius of Caesarea</a></li>

<li><a href="Gregory_of_Nazianzus" title="Gregory of Nazianzus">Gregory of Nazianzus</a></li>

<li><a href="Gregory_of_Nyssa" title="Gregory of Nyssa">Gregory of Nyssa</a></li>

<li><a href="Gregory_Thaumaturgus" title="Gregory Thaumaturgus">Gregory of Neocaesarea</a></li>

<li><a href="Ignatius_of_Antioch" title="Ignatius of Antioch">Ignatius of Antioch</a></li>

<li><a href="Jacob_of_Nisibis" title="Jacob of Nisibis">Jacob of Nisibis</a></li>

<li><a href="James%2C_brother_of_Jesus" title="James, brother of Jesus">James of Jerusalem</a></li>

<li><a href="John_of_Niki%C3%BB" title="John of Nikiû">John of Nikiû</a></li>

<li><a href="John_II%2C_Bishop_of_Jerusalem" class="mw-redirect" title="John II, Bishop of Jerusalem"> John of Jerusalem</a></li>

<li><a href="Bishop_Karas" title="Bishop Karas">Karas of California</a></li>

<li><a href="Metropolitan_Mikhail_of_Asyut" title="Metropolitan Mikhail of Asyut">Mikhaeil of Asyut</a></li>

<li><a href="Narcissus_of_Jerusalem" title="Narcissus of Jerusalem">Narcissus of Jerusalem</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Nicholas" title="Saint Nicholas">Nicholas of Myra</a></li>

<li><a href="Paphnutius_the_Bishop" title="Paphnutius the Bishop">Paphnutius of Scetis</a></li>

<li><a href="Paphnutius_of_Thebes" title="Paphnutius of Thebes">Paphnutius of Thebes</a></li>

<li><a href="Polycarp" title="Polycarp">Polycarp of Smyrna</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Porphyrius" title="Saint Porphyrius">Porphyrius of Gaza</a></li>

<li><a href="Psote" title="Psote">Psote of Ebsay</a></li>

<li><a href="Sacramentary_of_Serapion_of_Thmuis" title="Sacramentary of Serapion of Thmuis">Serapion of Thmuis</a></li>

<li><a href="Severus_of_Antioch" title="Severus of Antioch">Severus of Antioch</a></li>

<li><a href="Severian_of_Gabala" title="Severian of Gabala">Severian of Gabala</a></li>

<li><a href="Yousab_El_Abah" title="Yousab El Abah">Yousab el-Abah of Girga</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="Monk" title="Monk">Monks</a> and <a href="Nun" title="Nun">nuns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Abdel_Messih_El-Makari" title="Abdel Messih El-Makari">Abdel Messih El-Makari</a></li>

<li><a href="Abib_and_Apollo" title="Abib and Apollo">Abib and Apollo</a></li>

<li><a href="Abraham_of_Farshut" title="Abraham of Farshut">Abraham of Farshut</a></li>

<li><a href="Abraham_of_Scetis" title="Abraham of Scetis">Abraham of Scetis</a></li>

<li><a href="Anthony_the_Great" title="Anthony the Great">Anthony the Great</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Awgin" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Awgin">Awgin</a></li>

<li><a href="Bashnouna" title="Bashnouna">Bashnouna</a></li>

<li><a href="Hilarion" title="Hilarion">Hilarion</a></li>

<li><a href="Horsiesius" title="Horsiesius">Horsiesius</a></li>

<li><a href="Hospitius" title="Hospitius">Hospitius</a></li>

<li><a href="Mother_Irini" title="Mother Irini">Mother Irini</a></li>

<li><a href="Isaac_of_Nineveh" class="mw-redirect" title="Isaac of Nineveh">Isaac of Nineveh</a></li>

<li><a href="Isidore_of_Pelusium" title="Isidore of Pelusium">Isidore of Pelusium</a></li>

<li><a href="John_Climacus" title="John Climacus">John Climacus</a></li>

<li><a href="John_the_Dwarf" title="John the Dwarf">John the Dwarf</a></li>

<li><a href="Macarius_of_Alexandria" title="Macarius of Alexandria">Macarius of Alexandria</a></li>

<li><a href="Macarius_of_Egypt" title="Macarius of Egypt">Macarius of Egypt</a></li>

<li><a href="Marina_the_Monk" title="Marina the Monk">Marina the Monk</a></li>

<li><a href="Moses_the_Black" title="Moses the Black">Moses the Black</a></li>

<li><a href="Nilus_of_Sinai" title="Nilus of Sinai">Nilus of Sinai</a></li>

<li><a href="Pachomius_the_Great" title="Pachomius the Great">Pachomius the Great</a></li>

<li><a href="Pambo" title="Pambo">Pambo</a></li>

<li><a href="Parsoma" title="Parsoma">Parsoma</a></li>

<li><a href="Patapios_of_Thebes" class="mw-redirect" title="Patapios of Thebes">Patapios</a></li>

<li><a href="Paul_of_Thebes" title="Paul of Thebes">Paul of Thebes</a></li>

<li><a href="Paul_of_Tammah" title="Paul of Tammah">Paul of Tammah</a></li>

<li><a href="Paul_the_Simple" title="Paul the Simple">Paul the Simple</a></li>

<li><a href="Petronius_of_Egypt" title="Petronius of Egypt">Petronius</a></li>

<li><a href="Pishoy" title="Pishoy">Pishoy</a></li>

<li><a href="Poemen" title="Poemen">Poemen</a></li>

<li><a href="Samuel_the_Confessor" title="Samuel the Confessor">Samuel the Confessor</a></li>

<li><a href="Sisoes_the_Great" title="Sisoes the Great">Sisoes the Great</a></li>

<li><a href="Tekle_Haymanot" title="Tekle Haymanot">Tekle Haymanot</a></li>

<li><a href="Theodorus_of_Tabennese" title="Theodorus of Tabennese">Theodorus of Tabennese</a></li>

<li><a href="Theodora_of_Alexandria" title="Theodora of Alexandria">Theodora of Alexandria</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="Anchorite" title="Anchorite">Anchorites</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Saint_Karas" title="Saint Karas">Karas</a></li>

<li><a href="Misael_the_Anchorite" title="Misael the Anchorite">Misael</a></li>

<li><a href="Onuphrius" title="Onuphrius">Onuphrius</a></li>

<li><a href="Paphnutius_the_Ascetic" title="Paphnutius the Ascetic">Paphnutius</a></li>

<li><a href="Pijimi" title="Pijimi">Pijimi</a></li>

<li><a href="Shenoute" title="Shenoute">Shenouda</a></li>

<li><a href="Thomas_the_Hermit" title="Thomas the Hermit">Thomas</a></li>

<li><a href="Zosimas_of_Palestine" title="Zosimas of Palestine">Zosimas</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="Christian_mission" title="Christian mission">Missionaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Gregory_the_Illuminator" title="Gregory the Illuminator">Gregory the Illuminator</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Maurice" title="Saint Maurice">Maurice</a></li>

<li><a href="Frumentius" title="Frumentius">Frumentius</a></li>

<li><a href="Nine_Saints" title="Nine Saints">Nine Saints</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="Saint" title="Saint">Other saints</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Ambrose_of_Alexandria" title="Ambrose of Alexandria">Ambrose</a></li>

<li><a href="Clement_of_Alexandria" title="Clement of Alexandria">Clement of Alexandria</a></li>

<li><a href="Didymus_the_Blind" title="Didymus the Blind">Didymus the Blind</a></li>

<li><a href="Euphrosyne_of_Alexandria" title="Euphrosyne of Alexandria">Euphrosyne</a></li>

<li><a href="Habib_Girgis" title="Habib Girgis">Habib Girgis</a></li>

<li><a href="Saint_Candidus" title="Saint Candidus">Candidus</a></li>

<li><a href="Simon_the_Tanner" title="Simon the Tanner">Simon the Tanner</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Prayer_of_Azariah_and_Song_of_the_Three_Holy_Children" class="mw-redirect" title="The Prayer of Azariah and Song of the Three Holy Children">Three Holy Children</a></li>

<li><a href="Saints_Maximus_and_Domatius" title="Saints Maximus and Domatius">Maximus and Domatius</a></li>

<li><a href="Verena" class="mw-redirect" title="Verena">Verena</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color: gold"><div>

<ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"></span> </span><a href="Portal%3AChristianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></li>

<li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span> </span><a href="Portal%3ASaints" title="Portal:Saints">Saints portal</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Angels_in_Abrahamic_religions233" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Angels_in_Abrahamic_religions233" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Angel" title="Angel">Angels</a> in <a href="Abrahamic_religions" title="Abrahamic religions">Abrahamic religions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Angels_in_Judaism" title="Angels in Judaism">Angels in<br>Judaism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a></li>

<li><a href="Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a></li>

<li><a href="Raphael_(archangel)" title="Raphael (archangel)">Raphael</a></li>

<li><a href="Uriel" title="Uriel">Uriel</a></li>

<li><a href="Angel_of_the_Lord" title="Angel of the Lord">Angel of the Lord</a></li>

<li><a href="Angel_of_the_Presence" title="Angel of the Presence">Angel of the Presence</a></li>

<li><a href="Destroying_angel_(Bible)" title="Destroying angel (Bible)">Destroying Angel</a></li>

<li><a href="Azrael" title="Azrael">Azrael</a></li>

<li><a href="Ariel_(angel)" title="Ariel (angel)">Ariel</a></li>

<li><a href="Arariel" title="Arariel">Arariel</a></li>

<li><a href="Azazel" title="Azazel">Azazel</a></li>

<li><a href="Camael" title="Camael">Camael</a></li>

<li><a href="Cassiel" title="Cassiel">Cassiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Dobiel" title="Dobiel">Dobiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Dumah_(angel)" title="Dumah (angel)">Dumah</a></li>

<li><a href="Eisheth" title="Eisheth">Eisheth</a></li>

<li><a href="Hadraniel" title="Hadraniel">Hadraniel</a></li>

<li><a href="Haniel" title="Haniel">Haniel</a></li>

<li><a href="Jerahmeel_(archangel)" title="Jerahmeel (archangel)">Jerahmeel</a></li>

<li><a href="Jophiel" title="Jophiel">Jophiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Kushiel" title="Kushiel">Kushiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Lailah_(angel)" title="Lailah (angel)">Lailah</a></li>

<li><a href="Mastema" title="Mastema">Mastema</a></li>

<li><a href="Metatron" title="Metatron">Metatron</a></li>

<li><a href="Nuriel" title="Nuriel">Nuriel</a></li>

<li><a href="Pravuil" title="Pravuil">Pravuil</a></li>

<li><a href="Raziel" title="Raziel">Raziel</a></li>

<li><a href="Sachiel" title="Sachiel">Sachiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Samael" title="Samael">Samael</a></li>

<li><a href="Samyaza" title="Samyaza">Samyaza</a></li>

<li><a href="Sandalphon" title="Sandalphon">Sandalphon</a></li>

<li><a href="Senoy%2C_Sansenoy_and_Semangelof" title="Senoy, Sansenoy and Semangelof">Senoy, Sansenoy and Semangelof</a></li>

<li><a href="Zaphkiel" title="Zaphkiel">Tzaphqiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Yahoel" title="Yahoel">Yahoel</a></li>

<li><a href="Zadkiel" title="Zadkiel">Zadkiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Zerachiel" title="Zerachiel">Zerachiel</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Seraph" title="Seraph">Seraphim</a></li>

<li><a href="Living_creatures_(Bible)" title="Living creatures (Bible)">Chayot</a></li>

<li><a href="Ophanim" title="Ophanim">Ophanim</a></li>

<li><a href="Cherub" title="Cherub">Cherubim</a></li>

<li><a href="Hashmal" title="Hashmal">Hashmallim</a></li>

<li><a href="Ishim_(angel)" title="Ishim (angel)">Ishim</a></li>

<li><a href="Recording_angel" title="Recording angel">Recording angels</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Angels_in_Christianity" title="Angels in Christianity">Angels in<br>Christianity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a></li>

<li><a href="Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a></li>

<li><a href="Abaddon" title="Abaddon">Abaddon</a></li>

<li><a href="Raphael_(archangel)" title="Raphael (archangel)">Raphael</a></li>

<li><a href="Uriel" title="Uriel">Uriel</a></li>

<li><a href="Ariel_(angel)" title="Ariel (angel)">Ariel</a></li>

<li><a href="Azazel" title="Azazel">Azazel</a></li>

<li><a href="Sariel" title="Sariel">Sariel</a></li>

<li><a href="Sandalphon" title="Sandalphon">Sandalphon</a></li>

<li><a href="Raguel_(angel)" title="Raguel (angel)">Raguel</a></li>

<li><a href="Ramiel" title="Ramiel">Ramiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Selaphiel" title="Selaphiel">Selaphiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Barachiel" title="Barachiel">Barachiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Jegudiel" title="Jegudiel">Jegudiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Camael" title="Camael">Camael</a></li>

<li><a href="Angel_of_Portugal" title="Angel of Portugal">Guardian Angel of Portugal</a></li>

<li><a href="Jerahmeel_(archangel)" title="Jerahmeel (archangel)">Jerahmeel</a></li>

<li><a href="Jophiel" title="Jophiel">Jophiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Metatron" title="Metatron">Metatron</a></li>

<li><a href="Samyaza" title="Samyaza">Samyaza</a></li>

<li><a href="Pravuil" title="Pravuil">Pravuil</a></li>

<li><a href="Sachiel" title="Sachiel">Sachiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Zadkiel" title="Zadkiel">Zadkiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Sarathiel" title="Sarathiel">Sarathiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Zerachiel" title="Zerachiel">Zerachiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Phanuel_(angel)" title="Phanuel (angel)">Phanuel</a></li>

<li><a href="Gabuthelon" title="Gabuthelon">Gabuthelon</a></li>

<li><a href="Arphugitonos" title="Arphugitonos">Arphugitonos</a></li>

<li><a href="Beburos" title="Beburos">Beburos</a></li>

<li><a href="Zebuleon" title="Zebuleon">Zebuleon</a></li>

<li><a href="Daniel_(angel)" title="Daniel (angel)">Daniel</a></li>

<li><a href="Kerubiel" title="Kerubiel">Kerubiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Kokabiel" title="Kokabiel">Kokabiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Kushiel" title="Kushiel">Kushiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Lailah_(angel)" title="Lailah (angel)">Leliel</a></li>

<li><a href="Muriel_(angel)" title="Muriel (angel)">Muriel</a></li>

<li><a href="Pahaliah" title="Pahaliah">Pahaliah</a></li>

<li><a href="Seraphiel" title="Seraphiel">Seraphiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Shamsiel" title="Shamsiel">Shamsiel</a></li>

<li><a href="Chazaqiel" title="Chazaqiel">Chazaqiel</a></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Seraph" title="Seraph">Seraphim</a></li>

<li><a href="Cherub" title="Cherub">Cherubim</a></li>

<li><a href="Ophanim" title="Ophanim">Ophanim</a>/<a href="Throne_(angel)" title="Throne (angel)">Thrones</a></li>

<li><a href="Dominion_(angel)" title="Dominion (angel)">Dominions</a>/<a href="Christian_angelology" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian angelology">Lordships</a></li>

<li><a href="Christian_angelology" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian angelology">Virtues</a></li>

<li><a href="Christian_angelology" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian angelology">Powers</a>/<a href="Christian_angelology" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian angelology">Authorities</a></li>

<li><a href="Christian_angelology" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian angelology">Principalities</a>/<a href="Christian_angelology" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian angelology">Rulers</a></li>

<li><a href="Archangel" title="Archangel">Archangels</a></li>

<li><a href="Watcher_(angel)" title="Watcher (angel)">Watchers</a>/<a href="Guardian_angel" title="Guardian angel">Guardian angels</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Angels_in_Islam" title="Angels in Islam">Angels in <br>Islam</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Mikha'il</a></li>

<li><a href="Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Jibra'il</a></li>

<li><a href="Israfil" title="Israfil">Israfil</a></li>

<li><a href="Azazil" title="Azazil">ʿAzāzīl</a>

<ul><li><a href="Iblis" title="Iblis">Iblis</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Artiya'il" title="Artiya'il">Artiya'il</a></li>

<li><a href="Darda'il" title="Darda'il">Darda'il</a></li>

<li><a href="Dumah_(angel)" title="Dumah (angel)">Dumah</a></li>

<li><a href="Kalqa'il" title="Kalqa'il">Kalqa'il</a></li>

<li><a href="Futrus" title="Futrus">Futrus</a></li>

<li><a href="Habib_(angel)" title="Habib (angel)">Ḥabīb</a></li>

<li><a href="Harut_and_Marut" title="Harut and Marut">Harut and Marut</a></li>

<li><a href="Maalik" title="Maalik">Mālik</a></li>

<li><a href="Munkar_and_Nakir" title="Munkar and Nakir">Munkar and Nakir</a></li>

<li><a href="Ri%E1%B8%8Dwan" title="Riḍwan">Riḍwan</a></li></ul>

<ul><li><i><a href="Bearers_of_the_Throne" title="Bearers of the Throne">Mu'qarrabun</a></i> (<a href="Cherub" title="Cherub">Cherubim</a> and <a href="Seraph" title="Seraph">Seraphim</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Archangel" title="Archangel">Archangels</a></li>

<li><a href="Zabaniyah" title="Zabaniyah">Angels of Hell</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Mu'aqqibat" title="Mu'aqqibat">Hafaza</a></i> (<a href="Guardian_angel" title="Guardian angel">Guardian angel</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Kiraman_Katibin" title="Kiraman Katibin">Recording angels</a></li>

<li><a href="N%C4%81zi'%C4%81t_and_N%C4%81shi%E1%B9%AD%C4%81t" title="Nāzi'āt and Nāshiṭāt">Nāzi'āt and Nāshiṭāt</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Uthra" title="Uthra">Uthras (angels) in <br>Mandaeism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Yushamin" title="Yushamin">Yushamin</a></li>

<li><a href="Abatur" title="Abatur">Abatur</a></li>

<li><a href="Ptahil" title="Ptahil">Ptahil</a></li>

<li><a href="Hibil" title="Hibil">Hibil</a></li>

<li><a href="Shitil" title="Shitil">Shitil</a></li>

<li><a href="Anush_(Mandaeism)" title="Anush (Mandaeism)">Anush</a></li>

<li><a href="Manda_d-Hayyi" title="Manda d-Hayyi">Manda d-Hayyi</a></li>

<li><a href="Shilmai" title="Shilmai">Shilmai</a></li>

<li><a href="Nidbai" title="Nidbai">Nidbai</a></li>

<li><a href="Adathan_and_Yadathan" title="Adathan and Yadathan">Adathan and Yadathan</a></li>

<li><a href="Yufin-Yufafin" title="Yufin-Yufafin">Yufin-Yufafin</a></li>

<li><a href="Urfeil_and_Marfeil" title="Urfeil and Marfeil">Urfeil and Marfeil</a></li>

<li><a href="Tarwan" title="Tarwan">Tar and Tarwan</a></li>

<li><a href="Bihram" title="Bihram">Bihram</a></li>

<li><a href="Zihrun" title="Zihrun">Zihrun</a></li>

<li><a href="Etinsib_Ziwa" title="Etinsib Ziwa">Etinsib Ziwa</a></li>

<li><a href="Gubran" title="Gubran">Gubran</a></li>

<li><a href="Shihlun" title="Shihlun">Shihlun</a></li>

<li><a href="Yurba" title="Yurba">Yurba</a></li>

<li><a href="Yukabar" title="Yukabar">Yukabar</a></li>

<li><a href="Yukashar" title="Yukashar">Yukashar</a></li>

<li><a href="Yawar_Ziwa" title="Yawar Ziwa">Yawar Ziwa</a></li>

<li><a href="Simat_Hayyi" title="Simat Hayyi">Simat Hayyi</a></li>

<li><a href="Saureil" title="Saureil">Saureil</a></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Uthra" title="Uthra">Niṭufta</a></li>

<li><a href="Gupna" class="mw-redirect" title="Gupna">Gupna</a>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Angel_Moroni" title="Angel Moroni">Angel Moroni</a>

<ul><li><a href="Mormonism" title="Mormonism">Mormonism</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Hierarchy_of_angels" title="Hierarchy of angels">Hierarchy of angels</a></li>

<li><a href="Heavenly_host" title="Heavenly host">Heavenly host</a></li>

<li><a href="Three_Angels'_Messages" title="Three Angels' Messages">Three Angels' Messages</a></li>

<li><a href="Watcher_(angel)" title="Watcher (angel)">Watcher</a></li>

<li><a href="Fallen_angel" title="Fallen angel">Fallen angels</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_angels_in_theology" title="List of angels in theology">List of angels in theology</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_angels_in_Ars_Paulina" title="List of angels in Ars Paulina">List of angels in Ars Paulina</a></li>

<li>Ambiguous

<ul><li><a href="Chalkydri" title="Chalkydri">Chalkydri</a></li>

<li><a href="Elioud" title="Elioud">Elioud</a></li>

<li><a href="Nephilim" title="Nephilim">Nephilim</a></li>

<li><a href="Teraphim" title="Teraphim">Teraphim</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="List_of_angels_in_fiction" title="List of angels in fiction">List of angels in fiction</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_films_about_angels" title="List of films about angels">List of films about angels</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-04-08" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Seven_Archangels&oldid=1284542548">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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